SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use of a mobile physical activity application and its influence on body composition and sleep quality in overweight children. METHODS: Prospective study with 37 patients from the Child and Adolescent Obesity Clinic at Unicamp Hospital das Clínicas, between 2018 and 2019. Anamnesis and anthropometry were performed. We oriented the use of the application for six weeks, five days/week for ten minutes. RESULTS: Among 37 patients, 28 (mean age 10.7±2.0 years, 50% boys) used the application. The average use of the application ranged from 1.93±2.18 to 3.25±1.84 times/week, with a peak in the second week and a progressive decrease during follow-up. The paired t-test showed, on average, lean mass (t (27)=-2.91), weight (t (27)=-3.11) and height (t (27)=-3.79). After using the application, these were higher than before (all p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the proportion of children who presented difficulty sleeping (χ2 (1)=5.143) and insomnia (χ2 (1)=4.167). CONCLUSIONS: There was an improvement in sleep quality and an increase in lean mass, but no significant changes in BMI z-score, waist circumference, and body fat percentage.

This work presents the first data on incubation temperature of Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) in a natural environment, and provides information on nest predation, hatching success and size of offspring born in the nests on sandy beaches along the Upper Xingu River. Thirty-one P. geoffroanus nests were found, of which eleven were completely predated, mainly by Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766). Incubation was completed in nine out of the 17 nests protected by netting. The nests presented an average of 13.1 eggs and were distributed over the various geomorphological sectors of the nine sampled beaches. The size and weight of the hatchlings varied significantly between nests, and the incubation period in protected nests lasted for 76.5 days, less than reported for controlled incubation in the laboratory. Daily variation in incubation temperature in the three nests monitored for temperature was lower in those situated in fine sand sediments. Incubation temperature varied from 22 to 39 C and may have affected hatching success, which reached 60.8% in protected nests. Nest distribution in different geomorphological sectors indicated the plasticity of P. geoffroanus in terms of variation in nesting environment, which partly explains the species' broad geographical distribution.

Neste trabalho se discute a origem do feijão comum, Phaseolus vulgaris L. Amostras modernas e arqueológicas foram analisadas geneticamente, utilizando-se seqüências da proteína faseolina (Phs). A amostra arqueológica foi encontrada em uma caverna no Norte de Minas Gerais. Os resultados evidenciam que esta amostra se relaciona mais com as variedades de feijão encontrados no Norte da América do Sul e México, o que sugere influências culturais remotas entre aquelas regiões e Minas Gerais. Além disto, deve ter havido um único evento de domesticação, com local provável entre o Norte da América do Sul e o México.

This work discusses the origin of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. Modern and archaeological samples were genetically analyzed, using sequences of phaseolin (Phs). The archaeological sample was found in a cave in northern Minas Gerais State. Our results showed that this sample is close to those found in Northern South America and Mexico, indicating cultural influences in the past, between those regions and Minas Gerais. Besides, there must have been a single domestication event, probably between Northern South America and Mexico.

Amostras arqueológicas de milho (Zea mays mays) e mandioca (Manihot esculenta), oriundas da região de Januária, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com idades estimadas entre 1010 anos para a amostra mais antiga, até 570 anos para as mais novas, foram estudadas morfologicamente. No caso do milho, tomaram-se medidas de comprimento da espiga, diâmetro basal, diâmetro apical, diâmetro maior, número de fileiras, número de grãos por fileiras e número de grãos por fileiras por comprimento. O tamanho da espiga aumentou com o tempo, permitindo aumento da quantidade de sementes, mas sem que estas sementes sofressem uma variação significativa em seu tamanho. Amostras de grãos de amido das sementes de milho e do tubérculo de mandioca foram estudados por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e comparadas com amostras de raças indígenas e etnovariedades, para estimar a diversidade deste material e, no caso do tubérculo, para certificação que se tratava realmente de mandioca e não uma outra espécie. O amido dos órgãos de reserva do milho e mandioca encontram-se em excelente estado de conservação e, através da morfologia dos grãos de amido foram separadas raças ou variedades de milho. Constatou-se a presença de mais de uma raça de milho em um mesmo período de tempo e estas raças foram variando ao longo do período analisado (de 1010 a 570 anos atrás). A variabilidade dos grãos de amido das amostras arqueológicas de milho se apresentou maior do que as amostras atuais utilizadas.

This research studies archaeological samples of maize (Zea mays mays) and cassava (Manihot esculenta), from Januaria, MG, Brazil, for samples between 1010 (for the oldest sample) and 570 years (for the most recent) as estimated through radiocarbon dating. Maize cobs were morphologically analysed by using length, basal and apical diameters, largest diameter, number of rows, number of grains per row, and number of grains per row per length parameters. The maize cob length presented increases through time, allowing an increase on the number of seed per cob, but the size of seeds did not vary significantly. Starch present in the reserve organs of the maize and cassava were analysed morphologically through Scanning Electron Microscopy, and compared to indigenous and modern samples, aiming to estimate the diversity of the material and, for the cassava, to assure that samples were truely Manihot sp. The starch of the maize and cassava reserve organs was in excellent state of conservation and the morphology of the starch grains allowed the separation of maize varieties. More than one variety of maize was found on a same period of time, suggesting that the old indigenous people of the area planted different varieties of maize simultaneously and these varieties changed through the studied period of time. Finally archaeological starch grains of maize presented more diverse standards than modern grains.